CRITICAL MINERAL RECOVERY

A dead battery still holds every metal it was built from.

I recover them — and show when that beats mining fresh ore.

A dead battery still holds every metal it was built from.

I recover them — and show when that beats mining fresh ore.

A dead battery still holds every metal it was built from.

I recover them — and show when that beats mining fresh ore.

Nickel, cobalt, lithium, and manganese sit inside EV and grid battery — yet their processing is concentrated in a single supply chain, while spent batteries pile up by the millions of tonnes.

Nickel, cobalt, lithium, and manganese sit inside EV and grid battery — yet their processing is concentrated in a single supply chain, while spent batteries pile up by the millions of tonnes.

Two ways to close the loop — and one way to prove it pays.

Two ways to close the loop — and one way to prove it pays.

01 REGENERATE

Instead of smelting a spent cathode down to raw salts, I use molecular electron donors to reverse its damaged surface — restoring the material directly for reuse.

02 RECOVER

When the metals have to come out, I use light-driven (photocatalytic) chemistry to extract critical metals from spent cathodes under mild conditions.

03 PROVE IT PAYS

Every route runs through techno-economic and life-cycle analysis — EverBatt, GREET, Aspen Plus — so the question is never only whether it works, but whether it pays and cuts emissions.

I don't stop at whether the chemistry works. I ask whether it scales, what it costs, and what it emits.

RELATED PUBLICATIONS

Energy & Environmental Science 2024, 17, 4064–4077 (Link)

Direct cathode regeneration via molecular electron donors, reversing rock-salt surface reconstruction

Recycling Technologies Driven by Redox Mediation

Accepted (Nature Communications)

Photochemical Cathode Recycling for Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries

Photocatalytic recovery of critical metals from spent battery cathodes

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